Venice

The islands of the Venice lagoon were populated from around the 4th century. By the 14th century Venice was one of the greatest cities of Europe. The best craftsmen and artisans in Europe were employed to build splendid palaces, and the greatest artists of the time were commissioned to decorate them.

The most famous of Venice’s buildings are those around St Marks Square – the Basilica, the Doge’s Palace, and the Campanile. All three were started in the late 10th century, and in the next 300 years the buildings underwent numerous improvements and redevelopments.

In the Basilica, you can find the famous Pala d’Oro, an alterpiece of solid gold encrusted with precious gems. It was made by Byzantine goldsmiths as long ago as 976.

Move onto a visit of the Doge’s palace. Wonder at the great Council Hall, and the friezes of the first 76 Doges (except Doge number 55 whose painting was erased, for plotting a coup). Also don’t miss the soulful Bridge of Sighs, the crossing-place for criminals from the palace into the prison cells (and often onto execution).

The third great building is the Campanile, built in 912. (The original building actually collapsed unexpectedly in 1902, but the rebuild incorporated most of the old building materials). From the top there are magnificent views across the city.